Gerunds
The gerund suffix -ru る changes basic verbs into nouns describing the activity.
hubaru ほばる breathing
malaru まわる reflecting
mikuru みくる being red
Compound verbs, as well as those involving noun incorporation, can also be changed like this.
The genitive determiners, including -qa げ, allow for (only) the subject of the verb to be mentioned.
jannikiluquruqa nimalu
ぢっにきをもるげにまを
janni-kiluqu⁠-ru⁠-qa nimalu
walk-ger-gen bear
“the bear’s walking”
guqqirupahi
ぐっねるぱひ
guqqi⁠-ru⁠-pahi
bad-ger-1gen
“my being bad”
This continues to apply in instances using argument promotion.
dasilluruqa dasu
だせっをるげだす
dasi⁠-illu⁠-ru⁠-qa dasu
eat-psv-ger-gen meat
“the eating of meat”
sikukkarudisi
せくっかるでせ
siku⁠-kka⁠-ru⁠-disi
die-abv-ger-3ani;gen
“his murdering of another”
’usaxaruqa luna
うさざるげをな
’usa⁠-xa⁠-ru⁠-qa luna
look-dtv-ger-gen moon
“looking at the moon”