Cisclass
These tend to derive words within a class, i.e.: a noun from a noun, or a verb from a verb.
The augmentative -aku ・あく is most often attached to nouns to reference something large or important. It is rarely used for people.
The diminutive -ini ・いに is used to form words which reference something small or unimportant. When used with animate nouns, it creates a word for the young of non-sapient creatures. However, with sapient creatures, this word is obscene.
The honorific -fi べ confers a nuance of sacredness upon a base word.
The pair -tu’i とい and -da だ are used to highlight the positive and negative aspects of a word, respectively.
Nominal suffixes
These derive nouns from other nouns.
inanimate
abstract
The above table shows the suffixes used for deriving nouns between different animacy classes.
An animate noun is derived from an inanimate noun by the suffix -rra っら.
- tisakarra てさかっら townsperson
Both -sa さ and -ri り derive an animate noun from an abstract noun, however, these are not predictable. For instance, note the difference between diss·sa でっすさ youth and dissuri でっすり stranger. Other examples are:
The -ri り suffix also denotes people from a particular place.
- Tinalliri てなっえり Tinellbian
The suffix -di で derives an inanimate noun from something abstract.
- sinnadi せっなで book
The suffix -ji じ derives an abstract noun from an inanimate count noun, whereas -tta った is used with inanimate mass nouns.
The suffix -li え derives nouns which are somehow distinct from their stem.
The names of parts of the body are derived using -kku っく on either nouns or verbs.
The animate giver of the inanimate or abstract base is denoted by -mi み.
The animate user of an inanimate item is denoted by -nissa にっさ.
- taʔanissa たっあにっさ musician
Quasi-suffixes
Some nouns are so generic when forming compounds that they tend to end up acting as suffixes.
- tihutuja てほとぢ home
- nuhubatu ぬほばと book
- pannaxa’uxxi ぱっなざうっし army
Verbal suffixes
These are only applied to verbs.
The suffix -ni に is used to derive inceptive verbs.
- ducini どちに to receive
The suffix -ulu ・うを denotes reversal of an action, and can only be applied to stem verbs.
The augmentative -ss·su っさす is used specifically for verbs.
- bi’uss·su びうっさす to really hurt
Auxiliary Infix
The infix -ar- is placed before the final vowel of auxiliaries, and denotes an end to the action described by the sentence.