Phonology

Warning: This section is a work in progress.

Consonants

	labial	dental	palatal	velar	glottal
stop	p b	t d		k g
affricate			tɕ < c > dʑ < j >
nasal	m	n	ɲ < ñ >	ŋ < q >
lateral		l	ʎ < l̰ >
trill		r
sibilant		s	ɕ < x >
fricative	f v	ð	ç < h̰ >		h
approximant	w		j < y >

stops:

labial: p

dental: t

velar: k

voiced:

labial: b

alveolar: d

velar: g

affricates:

voiceless palatal: tɕ < c >

voiced palatal: dʑ < j >

nasals:

labial: m

alveolar: n

palatal: ɲ < ñ >

velar: ŋ < q >

liquids:

alveolar lateral: l

alveolar trill: r

sibilants:

alveolar: s

palatal: ɕ < x >

non-sibilant fricatives:

voiceless labial: f

voiced labial: v

dental: ð

palatal: ç < h̰ >

glottal: h

approximants:

labio-velar: w

palatal: j < y >

This table shows the consonants phonemically, using the International Phonetic Alphabet. Where it differs from IPA, the transliteration is given in < triangular brackets >.

Vowels

	front	central	back
close	i y < ü >		u
mid	e (ø < ö >)	(ə)	(o)
open	æ

close:

front unrounded: i

front rounded: y < ü >

back rounded: u

mid:

front unrounded: e

front rounded: (ø < ö >)

central: (ə)

back rounded: (o)

open:

front: æ

Allophony

Unstressed vowels are realised as ə.

Rounded vowels are lowered, i.e.: u → o and y → ø, before peripheral consonants. The latter change also occurs at the ends of words.