Adpositions
Adpositions are a closed class. They can be used in three different ways.
As a Preposition
The most basic use for an adposition is prefixed to a noun to signify where the action is taking place with relation to a reference. These act as prefixes.
Their nature as a prefix continues to apply even when the noun is already case-marked
As a Nominal or Verbal Modifier
Adpositions can be used to form compound nouns:
and compound verbs:
As an Adverb
Adpositions can be used independently to show the position of the action relative to the speaker, or the direction in which the action proceeds. Unlike other adverbs, these are placed before or instead of the auxiliary.
The auxiliary must appear to support an adverbial adposition in copular clauses.
Directions
This list includes both relative and absolute terms.
Locations
These can be used to refer to locations in either space or time.
’adi
xidu
qa
’ari
capi
pa
ni
kika
Spatial Locations
These can only be used to refer to locations in space.
jimuli
qu’u
nifi
raqu
ca
du’i
la’a
kadu
Motion
These refer to motion.
Animates
This group have animate objects.
Inanimates
This group have inanimate objects.